Machine for forming book end sections



16 Sheets-Sheet l S. SMTH 'Oct 23, 1928.

MACHINE FOR FGEMIG 'BooK END sEcnmNsy Original Filed March 28, 1925 ct.23, T928.

1,688,666 s. sMrrH MACHINE FOR FORMING BOOK END SECTIONS Original FilledMarch 28, 1925 16 sheets-s111331v 2 ,Swan SW7/ii? Oct. 23, 1928.

S. SMITH MACHINE FORFORMING BOOK END SECTIONS 'Original Filed March 28,1925 16 Sheets-Sheet 5 www,

Oct. 23, l928.

S. SMITH MACHINE FOR FORMING- BOOK END SECTIONS* Oignl Filed March 28,1925 le'usneets-sneet 4 5 my [inni/z @new v Oct. 23, 1928. 1,688,666

s. SMITH MACHINE FOR FORMING BOOK END SECTIONS original Filed march 28,1925 16 Sheets-Sheet 5 @if Ml @im 6 6 f4 w m WMM e 8, a 0 n oo 10 m l mn 0 m U U. N y. WN

Oct. 23, 1928.

S SMITH MACHINE FOR FORMING BooK END SECTIONS Original Filed March 28,1925 Oct. 23, 1928. f 1,688,666

s. SMITH MACHINE FOR'FORMING BOOK END SECTONS Original Filed. March 28,1925 16 Sheets-Sheet 7 v frzferar" Oct. 23, 1928. 1,688,666

' .s. SMITH MACHINE FOR FORMING BOOK END SECTONS original Filed March28, 1 925 16 Sheets-Sheet 8 Oct. 23, 1928.

Original Filed March 28, 1925 S. SMITH MACHINE FOR FORMING BOOK ENDSECTIONS 16 Sheets-Shetl 9 Oct. 23, 1928.

s. sMiTH MACHINE FOR FORMING BOOK END SECTIONS original Filed March 28,1925 16 Sheets-Sheet 10 Oct. 23, 1928.

S. SMITH MACHINE FOR FORMINGBOOK END sECTINs Original Filed March 28,1925 1` Sheets-'Sheet NWN fzefzarf gif/mz Sffzz bij Wwf/tg Oct. 23,192g. 1,688,666

S. SMITH MACHINE FOR FORMING BOOK END SECTIONS Original Filed March 28,1925 16 SheetfSheet l2 Sila?? ASMI??? Oct. 23, 1928. 1,688,666

s. SMITH MACHINE FOR FORMING BOOK END SECTIONS' 'originawled March 28,1925 16 Sheets-Sheet 15 @fg j! j;

Oct. 23, 1928. 1,688,666

S. SMITH MACHINE. FOR FORMING BOOK END SECTIONS Original Filed'March 28,1925 16,.Sheets-Sheet 14 Uct. 23, 1928.

s. SMITH MACHINE FOR FORMING BOOK BND SECTIONS original 'Filed March 28,1925 lsheets-Sheet 15 y, 5W?? 157711777 I @@m @www g fiar/7am octzs,192s. 1,688,666

s. SMITH MACHINE FCR FORMING BOOK END SECTIONS Original Filed March 28,1925 16 Sheets-Sheetul E 5 y fiar/7gg Patented @CL 23, 1928.

UNITEDI STATES PATENT orricr..

SWAN SMITH, OF WHITE BEAR, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF TO WEST PUB-LISHING'COMPANY, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA, A CORPORATION OF MINNESOTA.

" MACHINE FOR FORMING BOOK END SECTIONS.

Application filed March 2S, 1925, Serial No. 19,@42. Renewed. February6, 1928. y

My invention relates to improvements in machines for and method offorming endsections for bools.

As is well known in the art ot book bin ding 5 a bool; end-sectionincludes a terminal bool:-

section or printed-section, either a first or a last book-sectionaccording to the lpredetermined position thereof in a book; It alH waysincludes an end-sheet, w iich is 'fastened l at the back thereof to itsrespective boolnsection and this so--called end-sheet may be bound withaptaloric hinge-strip to 'form a cloth joint at the junction betweenendnsheet and printed book-section. i

Further, it most always includes a fly-leal" for finishing purposes, thesame being arranged inside oit the end-sheet and it also sometimesincludes a smudge-sheet outside ot' the end-sheet. Y y

In binding a book, the end-sheets of the endsections are pasted to theinside ot the coverpieces and, in best practice, are cloth jointed.. Inbinding by the cased in7 method,v the endsections are handled so littleas not to appreein l ably soil the end-sheets- In hand bound workhowever, an unj'notecte'd end-sheet likely to become detrimentallymarked by the lingers or otherwise. lin the toi-mer methodsiiuulge-sheots ordinarily are dispensed with, but in the latter theyare used to guard the en d-sheets until the time'arri ves 'for thepasting thereot to the cover-pieces of a book. At such time thesnnidge-shcets have answered their purpose and the)Y are then torn awayto allow :i5 ol the pasting ot the end-sheets to the coverpieces. i j

In forming bool( end-sections by hand in binderies ot relatively largecapacity, it has been experienced that large number ot emv ployees Vt'orsuch purpose is. required to meet with quantity production. llhe outputoi? a skilled worker is comparatively small as willy be appreciated whenit is understood that the assembling ot a single end-section may requirethe lziinding ot an end-sheet with a fabric hinge-strip, the applicationet a separate iiy- .leat inside et the end-sheet. the application ot asmudge sheet outside ot' the end-sheet and, further, the application ofsaid assembl d I sheets and leaf 'to a printed-section, the mar-- ginalpasting, registeration. scalino; and folding ot said members beinginvolved in the operation.

in object ot the present invention is to 55 provide a machine designedto take individuallythe various members ot end-sections from' sourcesyotisupply and gather, paste, seal, told and deliver the same inassembled form. l

Another object is to improve the method of forming end-sections, thesame consisting in part, in the folding ot an elongated sheet betweenthe ends thereof to provide an endsheet andrly-leat each held withrespect to and by the other for subsequent operations in the process.

A 'further object is to supply a simple and durable machine ofrelatively great capacity tor carrying' out my improved method in theformation. ot'book end-sections, said machine being automatic inoperation and requiringv a minimum of attention in the use thereof.

lVith the foregoing and other objects in view, which will appear in theollowing 'description, the invention resides inthe novel con'llbinationand arrangement o'tparts and in the details of construction hereinafterdef scribed and claimed.' j

In the drawings, Fig. 1 is a front elevation -ot a machine embodying myinvention; Fig. 2

is a view similar to Fig. 1, the same being illustrated tragmentarily topermit otl enlargement and having parts removed andv broken away fromthe front of the machine to show inner n'iechanisin not clearly seen insaid Fig'. 1; Fig.3 isa rear elevation ol' the machine; F ig. 4 is anelevational view taken at the head ot the machine; Fig. 5 is anelevational view ot' the machine taken aty the foot thereof; Fig. 6 is aplan view ot' the assembly; Fig. 7 is a vertical sectional view taken onthe line 7 7 ot' Fig. 6; Fig. 8 is a detail view taken as on the line8-8 of Fig. 7 and illustrates one ot the ratcheting driving device-semployed in turning a sheet pasting wheel; Fig. 9 is an elevationaldetail view showing the hinged cam-slide, which opens the hinged jaw ofthe end-sheet gripper mechanism; Fig. 10 is a vertical sectional viewtaken through the upper portion of the machine as on the line 1.0-1.0 ofFig. 6 Fig. 11 is a detail view taken in section as on the line 114-11ot Fig. 10; Fig.' 12 is a vertical sectional view taken th rough theupper portion of the machine as on the line 12-12 of Fig. 6; Fig. 13 isa detail sectional view taken on the line 13-13 of Fig.

ting mechanism; Figs. 15 and 16 are elevational views in detailvillustrating opposite sides of said mechanism; Fig. 17 is a detailelevational view showing the rear side of the registering` platform andthe clutch-bar associated therewith; Fig. 18 is a sectional View takenon the line 18--13 of Fig. 12; Fig". 19 is a view partly in elevationand partly in section, the sectional portion thereof being taken on theline 19-19 of Fig. 10 and illustrating particularly the reel forhinge-strip fabric and the means for feeding fabric from'said reel; Fig.2O is an end view of the parts .shown in Fig. 19; Fig. 21 is a detailsectional view taken on the same line (l2-12) of Fig. 6 as the sectionshown in Fig. 12, said view being of an enlarged scale andillustrating,particularly the registering platformA for end-sheet line 25-25 of Fig.13; Fig. 26 comprises av group of views di'agrammatieally illustrativeof the three .simultaneously operating sheet feeding inechanisms; Fig.27 comprises a group of views diagrammati'cally illustrating the threesheet receiving structures upon which the three end-section members aredeposited by said feedingI mechanisms; Figs. 28, 29 and 30 are enlargeddetail sectional views all taken on the, same line (10 -10) of Fig. 6 asthe Asection shownI in Fig. 10 and all illustrating ,end-sheet'elementsV associated therewith;` Fig. 28 particularly illustrating theendl-sheetfold'ing mechanism and Figs. 29 and 30particularlyillustrating the carrier rack structure in differentpositions; Fig. 31 isa detail sectional vieiv similar to Fig. 21, butillustrating that relation of parts assumed in'lmediately,prior to therelative disposition thereof as seen in said 21 and Fig. 32 is atransverse sectional view of a completed end-section of the type formedby my machine.

d Reference being had to the drawings, it will be obseii'ved that theillustrated embodiment of my machine comprises a ystructure includingvarious mechanisms arranged longitudinally Y and transversely thereof.Near ,the head ofthe maclliinean'd at the back thereof is a; mechanism A(Fig. G) for feeding endsheets into the machine. Opposite saidmechanisml A and at the front of the machineis a feeding mechanism B forsmudge-sheets.

y Medially of the machine is a mechanism C for supplying hinge-.stripsto end-sheets. Near vthe foot of the machine and at the front thereof isa feeding mechanism D for printedesections and at the back of themachine opposite said feeding mechanism D is an end-section deliverymechanism Thesis five medianisms are co-ordinatedwith each other andwith gathering, pasting and sealing means. hereinafter particularlydescribed, to provide for the rapid production of book end-sections.

Included in the frame Work of the machine is an elongated base 10 (Fig.1), end frames 11, 12 rising from the head and foot of the base 10 and ahorizontal frame-bar 13 secured at its ends against the front sides ofthe end frames 11, 12. Slightly above the base 10 is a main power shaft14, the same being journaled near its ends'in the end frames 11, 12; yIncluded in a poWertrain-at the head of the machine isa large gear 15(Fig. 6) fixed to the power shaft 1&1, a dual gear Wheel comprising asmall gear 16 and a large gear 17 journaled on a stud 18 on the endframe 11 and a combined pulley 19 and small gear 2O freely revolubleonthe povrer shaft. VThe small gear 1G ofsaid dual gear Wheel mesheswith the gear 15 and the large gear 17 ymeshes With the gear 2() on thepulley 19. Power applied to said pulley 19, as through a belt,transmitted to' the power shaft 14 through said described gearing. Afulcrum shaft 21 (Fig. 1) is supported at its ends by the end frames 11,12 slightly above the power shaft 141 and in parallelism therewith. Thisfulcrum shaft 21 rockably sup ports various Working parts, which areactuated through the medium of the power shaft 14, as Will hereinafterappear. Journaled in the tips of the end frames 11, 12 is a rock shaftand on the end of said rock-shaft,

at the foot of the machine, is a 'bell crank a (Fig. 5), the arm 23thereof being connected through a pitman 24 with a crank-Wheel 25 on thepower shaft lt. This rock-shaft 22 and others now tovbe describedsupport and co-ordi'nately' move oscillatory gripper arms hereinafterparticularly referred to. At the foot of the machine is a second andrelatively short rock-shaft 26 (Figs. 3 and 5), the same paralleling theroclfr-shaft 22 and journaled at one endin the end frame 12 and at itsother end in a bracket 27 rising from a frame post 23 seated on the base10. This rock-shaft 26 has a lever 29 (Fig. 5) depending therefrom. thelower end of said. lever 29 being joined through a link 30 with thependant arm 31 of the bell-crank e. lVith the rock-shaft 26 thus linkedto the bell-crank a, it will be understood that the two rock-shafts 22,26 are turned in unison from the power shaft 111-. Near the head of themachine (Fig. 1) is a stub-shaft 32, the same being anchored at one end.thereof in the tip of an upwardly inclined bracket 33. This bracket isanchored at `its lower end to the frame-bar 13v and steadied by therock-shaft 22, which turns in a bore formed in a boss 33a medially ofsaid bracket 33. Said stub-shaft 32 carries ournal sleeve 32a', Which isreversely rockedivith respect to the rocking movement of the rockvshaft22 by means of a lever 3e rising from y sov leo

rai

said rock-shaft 22, a lever 35 `depending from said journal sleeve 32aand a link 36 joining the ends of said levers.

Having now generally described the main frame work of the machine, theprime movers and the relative locations of the mechanisms A, B, C, D andE, I shall proceed with a more detailed discussion of said mechanisms,eX- plaining in connection therewith the structural make-up andoperation of the sheet gathering, pasting and sealing devices.

The feeding mecl'ianism A (Figs. 8, 6 and 7) for end-sheets includes atable 37 vsupported on legs 88V rising from horizontal frame members 39,and it also includes side guides 40, a back guide 4l and a front guide42. Inset in the front portion of the table 37, is a lip 37"L which ishinged to allow the forward edge thereof to swing beneath the lower edgeof the front guide 42. Pivoted to and depending from the lip is anactuating rod 43, the lower end of which pivotally joins the rear end ofa walking beam 44 traversing the machine and medially supported on ariser 45 having its footing` on the base 10. The forward end of thewalking beam 44 carries a roller 46, the same bearing beneath andfollowing the surface of a cam47 on the power shaft 1 4. Three suctiongrips 48 each carried by an individual hanger 48fL depending from theunderside of the lip 37', open through marginal recesses vin said lip,each of said grips 48 being connected through a tube 48b with a suctionpump member 48?. rlhe three pump members 48C are combined in a unitarypump structure of the conventional plunger type, the cylinders of thestructure having` a. tilting rest on the base l0. the plungers thereofbeing tied together and reciprocated through an eccentric strap-49encircling an encentri-c 49 on the power shaft 14. To separate the lowersheets of a pack on the table I direct a nozzle 50 through the lowermargin of the front guide 42 and against the front edges of'siid sheets.VAir compressed in a pump (Figs. l and 3) leads to said nozzle 50through a tube 50"'2. Said pump Z2 is of conventional pattern, the sameincluding a plunger receiving cylinder 5l tiltabl'v anchored on the base10 and a plunger rod 51' connected with a crank-pin 51h on the outerface of the gear 17. Depending from the previously described journalsleeve 32 is a gripper arm 52 having an upper stationary jaw 52aintegrall therewith. This stationary jaw 522l andk a lower jaw 52bhinged thereon constitute a sheet gripper. Linked with an arm 52c onsaid hinged jaw 52b is a rod 52d reaching upward through a stud 52e onthe gripper arm 52. A spring 52f interposed between lsaid stud 529 and acollar 52g on said rod-52d, urges said rod downward and, through saidarm 52C, Vyield-y ingly closes the" hinged jaw 52h. lThe gripper arm 52being mounted on the ljournal sleeve 32a, it is caused to oscillatebetween sheet taking and sheet depositiirg` positions'- (dot-tcd lines,Fig. 7). In approaching the former position, a roller 52h on the arm 52Crides up aninclined cam-slide 53 6 and 9) mounted on a reach 54extending from the bracket 33 to the front guide 42 of the feeding table37. Said roller 52h in riding up said cam-slide 53 causes the lower jaw52') to open, wherebythe bottom sheet of the pack on the fable 37,turned down at its forward portion by the downward tipping of the lip87', is received between said separated jaws 52, 52h. Passing 'over thehigh end of the cam-slide 53, the roller V52h becomes ineffective andther jaw 52" closes, whereupon saidy jaws, now projected into a recess87" in the lip 37a, grasps said downturned edge of said sheet. The cam.slide 58 is hinged at its high end to allow the lower end thereof toswing idly upward (dotted lines, Fig. 9), over the roller 52h, upon thereturn swing ofy the gripper arm 52. Continuing theretrn swing of thegripper arm 52 toward the front of the machine (to the left, Fig. 7).the grasped sheet is withdrawn from beneath the pack on the table 37 andfinally dropped, upon the opening of the jaw 52", which is caused by theimpingement of the roller 52h. 'against ya second cam-slide 55 fixedto'thebracket Falling back of a front guide 56 and on two slightlyseparated bed platesv 57, 57a, the deposited sheet is actedupon as willlater appear.

The feeding mechanism B 7) for smudge-sheets includes a table 58bracketed in front of the frame-bar 13 and in position wherein said barserves as a front sheet guide. In additionto this bar 13 are comanionsheet guides 59,' 60 rising from the table 58. A lip 58a is embodied'inthe rearward portion of the table 58, in the instance of the table 37previously described. Said lip 58"l is hinged to the table 58 andycarries suction grips 61, the mouths of which are disposed in recessescut in the lip. Hangers 612L under the lip 58al carry said suctiongrips, each grip 61 being connected through a tube 61b with a pumpmember 61C (Fig. l). These pump members 61, like the pump members 48C,have the plungers thereof joined, said plungers being connected throughan eccentric strap 62 with an eccentric 62a on the power shaft 14. Thelip 58a is swung downward and back by means of a rod 63 dependingtherefrom and fitted at its lower end with a roller 63a riding a cam 63on the power shaft 14,` said roller being carried by and guided throughthe medium ofl an arm 64, pivoted on the fulcrum shaft 21.. The bottomsheet of a pack on the table 58 is separated from the sheets thereaboveby means of a nozzle 65 directed through the frame bar 13V and connectedthrough a tube 65El with thepressure pump b, said sheet having therearward portion thereof turned down as the suction grips 61 swingdownward with the lip 58a. Thus presented, said bottom sheet is graspedand withdrawn by sheet gripping means closely resembling the previouslydescribed means for taking endsheets from the table 58. The said sheetgripping means comprises a gripper arm 66 depending` from the rock-shaft22, said aiin having an upper fixed jaw 66@l and a lower jaw 66b hingedthereon. The latter jaw 66b is fitted with an arm 66C, said arm beingyieldingly depressed by a spring actuated rod 66d and supplied with acam roller 66e. In the oscillation o-f the gripper arm 66, the roller66e passes back and forth along vthe face of a bracket 67 (Fig. 7)traversing the machine. This bracket 67 carries a hinged cam-slide 68and a fixed cam-slide 69, the same being like the parts 53, 55, abovedescribed. The hinged cam-slide 68 co-operates with the rollers 66O toopen the hinged j aw 66b and to permit the closing of the gripper upon asheet presented to be fed by the lip 58a, while the fixed camslide 69co-operates with said roller 66e to open the hinged jaw 661 and therebyrelease a sheet grasped by the aws 66, 66h. Gripped in said aws 66a, 66ba smudge-sheet is pulled from beneath a pile on the table 58 and droppedon a` carrier-rack 0 (Fig. 7), between a back guide bar 7() and a frontangle-bar guide 71, said carrier i'ack c being constructed and operatedas and for purposes later explained.

The feeding mechanism D (Fig. 12) located at the foot of the machine andadapt-ed to feed printed-sections, includes a table 72 bracketed infront of the frame-bar` 13', which bar seives as a rear guide forprintedsections on said table. This table 72 is constructed like andembodies practically the same equipment as the table 37, 58 previouslydesciibed. A lip 722L hinged at the rear of the table 72 is suppliedwith suction grips 7 3, the same being connected through tubes 731L withpump members 73b operated as a unit through an eccentric strap 74 whichencircles an eccentric 74a on the power-shaft 14. A lip lowering andelevatingrod 75 depends from the lip 7 2 and is connected at its lowerend with a cam roller 75% riding a. cani 7 5b on the power-shaft 14, andguided by an arm 76 pivoted on the fulcruni shaft 21. Placed on thetable 72 with the folded edges against the guiding frame-bar 13, thebottom printed-section is turiieddown at its rear portion upon thedownward swing of the.

lip 72a and thus presented for iii'ithdrawal from the table 72. Grippermechanism is provided for taking` printed-sections thus presented anddepositing the saine, said mechanism being similarto the grippermechanisms heretofore described. A gripper arm 77 is supplied, the sainedepending` from the rock-shaft 22 and being equipped with a fixedjaw'77a, a hinged'jaw 77h, an-

arm 77'j on the latter jaw 77", a roller 77 d on said arm and a rod 7 7e downwardly pressed by a spring 77f for depressing thearm 77 c andclosing. the hinged jaw 77 b. 78 traversing the machine carries ahingedr cam-slide 7.9 and a fixed cani-slidev 80fwit-h which the roller77 d.co-operates. These camslides 7 9, 80 are constructed and functionlike the cam-slides 68, 69 hereinbefore described.' Eifecting the timelyswinging of the hinged j aw 77h, the cani-slide 79`causes the jaws 7 7a,77b to take a printed-section from the table 72 in the forward positionof the gripper arm 77, while the cam-slide 8O causes thevv graspedsection to be freed from said jaws in the rearward position of said arm.Falling` from said Jaws 77 a, 77 b a printed section drops onto aregisteringl platform (Zv In this position of a printed-sectionv 12). onsaid platform cl, a smudge-sheet and an end-sheet, gathered in a manneryet to appear, are gathered with said printed-section.l

The mechanism C (Fig. 10), for providing and applying hinge-strips toend-sections includes a spool 81 carrying a roll 82 of linen fabric,said spool being mounted on a spindle 83 journaled at its ends inbrackets 83a rising from the horizontal frame-bar 13. A pair of rockingfeed jaws 84, (Fig. 19)'x draw'voff the fabric from said roll andpresent it stepby-step to a knife 8G. The lower'jaw 84 is formed withend frames 84avwhich are hinged on a supporting shaft 84b carried' byhangers 87 depending from transverse beams 88', 88.

The upper jaw 85 is also formed with end 85 and the consequent relativethrow of 'the' jaws 84, 85 in their opening movement. One end of theshaft 84h reaches through and projects beyond one of the hangers 87(Fig. 19) and mounted on said end' of said shaft is a bell-crank c'(Fig. 20) having an upwardly reaching aw actuating aiin 91, the samebeing pivotally lioined with the end of a shaft 85h carried in theendframes 85a of the upper jaw 85. The second arm 92 of the bell-crank ehas a link 93 pivoted thereto and rising therefrom. A lever 94 having aslotted pivotal connection between the inner end thereof and the uppei'end of said link. is fixed ii'iedially on a rock-shaft 95 parallelingtheframe-bar 13 and journaled in bearings 95a thereon. The outer rend ofthe Ylever 94 is joined through a link-rod 96 with a strap 96l (Fig. 1)encircling an eccentric 96b on the A bracket;l

